Are you Diabetic? Are you facing some issues regarding Diabetes Mellitus? How fibres are helpful for Diabetic management? Effects of Dietary Fibres in Diabetic Management?
Today you may get some dietary fibre supplements for diabetic management.
Dietary Fibres are the Non-nutrient carbohydrates that originate from plant cells. They are low glycaemic foods.
They help to reduce the requirements of Insulin, enhance glucose metabolism and play a very important role in preventing Diabetes Mellitus.
You Can Also Read What role do Dietary fibres play in our Body?
Functions of Dietary fibre in Diabetes Mellitus Management:
Dietary fibres are complex carbohydrates beneficial for both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetics. Such diets lower insulin requirements and increase peripheral tissue sensitivity.
Glucose Metabolism:
- Rich fibre intake improves the glucose metabolism workout increasing insulin secretion.
- The lower fasting serum and peripheral insulin concentrations in response to oral glucose administration in both diabetic and non-diabetic individuals.
- Soluble fibres such as hemicellulose, gums, waxes, and pectins, increase intestinal transit time, delay gastric emptying, slow glucose absorption and lower serum cholesterol.
- About 20to 30 grams of soluble fibre is beneficial for a balanced diet.
- Insoluble fibres such as lignins(vegetables, whole grains) and cellulose decrease intestinal transit time, increase faecal volume, delay glucose absorption and slow starch hydrolysis.
- Fenugreek seeds contain high fibre which is beneficial for diabetes. It consists of an alkaloid substance known as trigonelline that helps to reduce blood sugar levels.
- Fenugreek seeds also decrease the levels of serum lipids such as cholesterol and triglycerides.
- The Fenugreek seeds are very beneficial for diabetes management because of their high fibre content.
- The Fenugreek powder can be combined in the preparation of recipes such as dhal, rice, chapati and vegetables.
- It has been observed that the requirements for antibiotics drugs decrease with the use of Fenugreek.
- Intake of Dietary Fibres helps to reduce the requirements of insulin.
- It helps to increase peripheral insulin sensitivity.
- Helps to alter gut hormones to enhance glucose metabolism in the liver.
- The benefits of hormones are involved in regulating blood sugar levels.
Effects of Dietary Fibre in Diabetic Management:
Dietary fibres are low glycemic index carbohydrates, They play a very significant role in diabetic Management.
The ability of foodstuffs to raise blood sugar is measured in terms of glycaemic index.
When the glycaemic index is high, the Pancreas produces excess insulin, the substance that conducts glucose into the cells.
After years of glucose overload, the cells can become insulin resistant and may no longer allow insulin to easily push glucose inside them. This keeps blood glucose levels high, forcing the pancreas to make more insulin.
The area above the fasting glucose concentration is calculated and is expressed as a percentage of the area obtained after the ingestion of 50g glucose or 50g carbohydrates from white bread, the higher the area under the curve, the higher the glycemic index of a food.
The consumption of low glycaemic carbohydrates reduces the rate of glucose absorption.
Also reduce the postprandial rise in gut hormones (eg: Insulin, inverting).
The prolonged absorption of carbohydrates seen over time maintains suppression of the free fatty acids and the counterregulatory response while at the same time achieving lower blood glucose concentration.
Role of Dietary Fibres in Hormonal Control of Blood glucose levels:
Dietary fibres are non-nutrients carbohydrates, also low glycaemic index nutrients serve a significant role in the hormonal management of Blood glucose levels.
Insulin:
It is produced by the beta-cells of islets of Langerhans in the Pancreas.
It has been called the “feasting hormone” because its liberation is enhanced by a high glucose level in the blood.
Insulin increases glycogenesis, and glucose is stored as glycogen in the liver and muscle cells.
The mechanism by which insulin lowers blood glucose involves an increase in the rate of glucose utilization for oxidation by increasing the facilitated diffusion of glucose into muscle and adipose cells.
Insulin enhances lipogenesis by the uptake of glucose by adipose and liver cells for conversion into fat.
Glucocorticoids:
These steroid hormones elaborated by the adrenal cortex also influence blood glucose levels by stimulating gluconeogenesis.
These hormones reduce glucose utilization in the extrahepatic tissue and also increase the rate at which protein is converted into glucose, counteracting the action of insulin.
Glucagon:
It is produced by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans. It has an effect exactly opposite to that of insulin.
It causes a rise in the amount of sugar in the blood by increasing glycogenolysis by activating the enzymes phosphorylase.
It enhances gluconeogenesis from amino acids and lactate. Insulin and glucagon may thus be considered antagonists and their opposing effects at least in part maintain carbohydrates metabolism in a steady state.
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